All right, it doesn't matter. Ad-hoc it is. Next up is Chiang!
"Evil" Leaders
Chiang Kai-Shek (aka Jiang Jieshi)
China today is divided on the issue of one of its most important 20th Century figures. In Taiwan - or the Republic of China - he is celebrated as a national hero among the supporters of the still-functioning KMT (Kuomintang) party which Chiang led, but in Mainland China (PRC) he is seen as a corrupt figure of the Warlord Era.
He was born in 1887 in the small town of Xikou near Ningbo in Zhejiang province on the East Coast of China. At this time, the Qing dynasty, the last Imperial dynasty of China was in power. The Qing was not an ethnically Chinese (Han) government: the Manchu minority were the ethnic group of the dynasty at the time. As such, many Chinese felt that the Qing government didn't fully represent them, and in 1911 a Republic was finally proclaimed in the midst of growing Japanese power and a recent sharp defeat in a war with Japan in the 1890's which led to Japan seizing Taiwan.
After a while spent in Japan, Chiang found himself a devoted supporter of the Kuomintang revolutionary republican party in the new Republic. Although the Republic had been proclaimed, China was far from unified. An Emperor-Dictator called Yuan Shikai took control in Beijing while warlords everywhere else eagerly carved up China for their own selfish gain.
The leader of the KMT, Sun Yat-Sen died in 1925 leaving a power vacuum. Chiang emerged as the
de facto leader of the right-wing of the party in the mid 1920's and soon managed to establish control over China, leading a military expedition northwards in 1926 to recapture Northern China from the warlords.
Sun Yat-Sen could be compared to Lenin in that he founded a new nation and political party and died in 1925, one year after Lenin's death. However, there was another man who saw himself as a future Lenin - Mao Zedong (or Tse-Tung; transliterating Chinese to English is never a clear cut deal).
Mao saw China as the next new breeding ground after Russia for a great Communist revolution. Here, millions upon countless millions of peasants laboured away for their small share of grain and coin at the end of the year, and for what good? Why shoudln't they take their destinies into their own hands?
The Communist Party of China was, by 1927, reaching a critical point. It could either wait to be destroyed by Chiang and the KMT government, or launch a revolution to seize power. It chose the latter; unfortunately for them, both occurred. Chiang and the KMT ordered the suppression of Communist forces in Shanghai after their attempted seizure of power, and soon thereafter mass killings and purges began all over the country. Perhaps a million peasants died during this "White Terror".
Meanwhile the Japanese were also attacking. In 1931 they seized Manchuria, the vast northern region of China bordering the new country of the Soviet Union, which had been supporting Chiang up until the Shanghai massacre. Chiang pursued a policy of "Internal Pacification then External Resistance" which effectively meant wiping out the Communists (CCP) before fighting the Japanese.
Neither campaign, in the end, was a success. Mao's small, devoted band of guerrillas avoided the KMT armies and retreated far into the mountains of Northeast-Central China near the city of Yan'an, which became Mao's capital-base.
Meanwhile the corruption of the KMT government, which Chiang was struggling to destroy with his own injection of Confucian values and centralisation, did not exactly win Chiang any friends in the West.
In 1937 the Japanese Army, which had by this stage grown from a disobedient child into a rampaging alcoholic adolescent, launched a full-scale invasion of the rest of China. A huge Japanese force mixed in with troops from their Chinese puppet state "Manchukou" in Manchuria descended upon the North and easily seized Beijing while an amphibious assault against Shanghai ended with a bloody Japanese victory after months of hard fighting in which most of Chiang's modern troops were wiped out, but a battle that also took 90,000 Japanese casualties.
Nanjing was the KMT capital during this time, not Beijing. Nanjing is only a few kilometers west of Shanghai and the bungled defence there turned into a massacre as Japanese soldiers ran amok killing, burning, looting and raping everything in sight once they were in control of the city. 300,000 people, some soldiers but mostly civilians, were killed. The West was horrified and continued Japanese refusal to withdraw from China combined with this led to a US oil embargo, which eventually (some say) led to the attack on Pearl Harbour four years later. But that's another story.
Chiang decided to, upon German advice, withdraw into the Chinese hinterlands near the cities of Chengdu and Chongqing (the latter of which was to become the new Nationalist (KMT) capital)). A brutal and badly implemented scorched earth policy hurt the advancing Japanese but hurt the suffering Chinese citizenry even more.
Although Chiang's government wasn't exactly popular due to brutality and corruption, still the Chinese people rallied around them and over another 8 years of brutal warfare were able to resist the Japanese until their surrender to the USA in 1945.
Meanwhile Mao had been wisely avoiding battle during the war with the Japanese, hoping to preserve his forces for an attack on the KMT after the war was over. Chiang decided not to (even though he was offered) gain control over the 1.5 million Japanese Army soldiers who had surrendered in China to fight the Communists. In the end this was a bad decision. Tired of Nationalist incompetence, no food and no rights, peasants flocked to Mao's banners as he swept through the Chinese countryside. By 1949, the People's Republic of China had been proclaimed and the Nationalist government had crumbled completely. Chiang fled to Taiwan and would spend the rest of his life there, planning the unrealistic objective of retaking mainland China as well as crushing domestic opposition.
Without US support, there was realistically no hope of Chiang retaking the Mainland, and since his government was neither Christian nor democratic, this support did not occur. Nevertheless, Chiang remained obsessed with planning for the never-to-be-realised operation.
Chiang and the KMT would rule Taiwan in relative peace until his death in 1975
In 1947 while the civil war was still going on, an anti-government demonstration in Taiwan was crushed in the 228 Incident. In the KMT's version of the Tiananmen Square Massacre somewhere between 10,000 and 30,000 people were killed during the crackdown.
The Republic of China government in Taiwan still claims authority over the mainland, while the PRC claims as a result of its near total victory in the civil war that Taiwan rightfully belongs to them. This is why the ROC is unrecognized today by most nations as being such even though it makes all of our computer cases (and other useful products).
INFJ vs. ENTP - Chiang Kai-Shek vs Mao Zedong
Ah, the INFJ - ENTP relationship. From my readings around this forum it's never an easy path. But nowhere has this relationship been more strained than between China's two most notorious 20th Century leaders. Doubtlessly, that might be incorrect. You might have had a scaldingly, dangerously wild fight with your ENTP partner that was worse than the Chiang-Mao relationship, if you ever have had one. Of course such fights rarely end in....say.... 30 years of civil war.
There were several ceasefires between the bloodshed, especially while the Japanese were invading where the two factions were
de facto allies. During this time the leaders did meet...
http://www.wantchinatimes.com/newsphoto/2011-09-15/450/74266_0020600711_2011資料照片F_2011資料照片_copy1.JPG
A picture of the two together. Aren't they a lovely couple?
Ideologically, Mao believed that a modern China could only be achieved through a peasant revolution followed by a modernisation through industrialisation, while Chiang believed that establishing military control followed by a slow transition to democracy was the best way forwards. In the end, in my own opinion, they were both incompetent, careless and senseless fools. Chiang was brutal, unreasonable and corrupt while Mao was...well, mostly the same - although Mao's Cultural Revolution spread more far and wide than anything Chiang had ever done.
INFJ & INFJ - Chiang Kai-Shek and Adolf Hitler
The only time two leaders on this list were both at peace and ruling their respective nations at the same time was from the 1933-1937 period. During this time, Hitler's Nazi Reich and Chiang's government both showed an interest in cooperation, and as usual Hitler's racist beliefs simply evaporated when a diplomatic ally was gained (he would display the same kind of flip-floppery come 1940, when the so-called inferior Slavs of the USSR would very temporarily become friends with Germany after treacherously wiping Poland off the map).
German advisers began to train new Chinese divisions, you can see how similar they look to
Wehrmacht soldiers in this photo here:
http://img72.imageshack.us/img72/4687/image009am.jpg
Of course, under the tutelage of the expert Germans these German-trained divisions performed admirably in the Battle of Shanghai in 1937, although most were unfortunately destroyed during that same battle.
The two leaders never met, although Hitler said once that he admired Chiang for building a "strong centralised state".
