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global warming?

  • Is happening and man made

  • Is happening and natural

  • Is not happening, greens are hysterical

  • Is just a distracting ploy

  • Is an attempt to establish a world government.


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http://chemtrailsplanet.net/2013/11...mate-change-caused-by-covert-weather-weapons/

NASA Documents Reveal “Climate Change” Caused By Covert Weather Weapons


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It’s unacceptable that the UN/IPCC continue to push CO2 as the cause for climate change but refuse to acknowledge the military has been actively engaged in Climate Warming Weapons Technologies for more than 20 years.

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TITLE: “Present and Future Plans of Federal Agencies in Weather-Climate Modification”
This set of documents from 1966 reveals a network of government agencies in perpetual and secret collaboration with each other and the military to Modify the Global climate. Created by the elitist National Academy of Sciences — decades of an inter-agency culture of secrecy explains why the issue of covert aerosol Geoengineering is a taboo topic to be degraded to the status of “conspiracy theory” by a matrix of complicit bureaucrats at every opportunity. This is why your local TV “meteorologist” will rarely make a helpful comment about an unusual sky filled with persistent jet trails. TITLE: “The Evolution of a Weather Modification R&D program Into a Military Weapons System”. A 1986 Critique of the 1966 initiative. This document appears as an anonymous draft intended as a critique of the US Weather Modification Program that the author characterizes as hijacked into a military weapons system.
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Jules Verne wrote about geoengineering the earth’s climate in 1889 in a sequel to “From the Earth to the Moon” called “The Purchase Of The North Pole”. Verne writes that the Baltimore Gun Club purchased large tracts of the Arctic then used the famous canon from the earth-to-the-moon to tilt the Earth’s axis. The goal was to establish a tropical paradise as a profitable tourist attraction at the North Pole while “improving” the entire global climate. If Verne correctly predicted that man would travel from the earth to the moon, it should be no surprise that he also predicted that a small group of influential men would consider warming the climate for profit. Verne could have been inspired by Harvard geologist Nathaniel Shaler who proposed diverting warm Atlantic water into the Arctic back in 1877 — a dozen years before Verne’s “fantastic”story was published.
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Warming the Arctic with large-scale Geoengineering projects has been the vision of industrialists for 100 years — and still is

Arctic detonation of 88 atmospheric, 29 underground, and 3 underwater nuclear devices from 1955 to 1990


Uploaded on Friday 17 Feb 2012 by GRID-Arendal — Nuclear activities in the Arctic over the last 50 years
From collection: Vital Arctic Graphics (2004 edition)
Author: Philippe Rekacewicz, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
Numerous nuclear explosions have taken place in the Arctic. One of the largest military nuclear testing facilities is on the island of Novaya Zemlya, where from 1955 through to 1990 the Soviet Union detonated 88 atmospheric, 29 underground, and 3 underwater nuclear devices. Dozens of civilian ‘peaceful nuclear explosions’ have also occured in the Russian Arctic, where nuclear bombs were used into the late 1980′s for seismic studies, mining, and in attempts to extinguish oil-field fires. (Source)

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In 2008 — a year before low solar activity began to threaten 40 to 60 years of global cooling, the chemtrail warmists were confident they could achieve a big arctic thaw for BIG OIL, a carbon tax and the politics of a United Nations led New World Order

World Watch Institute: March, 2008: Arctic Melting May Lead To Expanded Oil Drilling

More than half of the Arctic Ocean was covered in year-round ice in the mid-1980s. Today, the ice cap is much smaller. Alarming evidence of this warming trend was released last week when the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released satellite evidence that perennial Arctic ice cover, as of February, rests on less than 30 percent of the ocean.
“The rate of sea-ice loss we’re observing is much worse than even the most pessimistic projections led us to believe,” says Carroll Muffett, deputy campaigns director with Greenpeace USA. For the first time in recorded history, this past summer the entire Northwest Passage between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans was ice-free, according to scientists. (Source)
Remember when People Thought Arctic Warming was a Good Idea?

VILLAGE VOICE: “ Hey, remember when climate change was a swell idea? Coconuts were in the offing.” “Imaginations ran wild, and The Washington Post envisioned Manhattan becoming a tropical paradise” … “People would be gathering oranges off the trees in Central Park, or picking cocoanuts from palms along the Battery, [and] hunting crocodiles off the Statue of Liberty.” The prospect sounded so splendid to New Yorkers that Senator William Calder (1917-1923) tried to get $100,000 appropriated for a study of the idea. [SUP]Village Voice[/SUP] Remember when Scientists Thought Arctic Warming was a Good Idea?

1962 Harry Wexler (March 15, 1911- 1962) was an MIT graduate and PhD in meteorology. Wexler had been researching the link connecting chlorine and bromine compounds to the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layers, but died of a heart attack while on vacation in Woods Hole, Mass. Wexler had already accepted an invitation to deliver a lecture entitled “The Climate of Earth and Its Modifications” at the University of Maryland Space Research and Technology Institute. [SUP](Source)[/SUP] Wexler’s was last in a long line of ambitious proposals to warm the Arctic. Coincidently, his proposals were made at the same time the National Academy of Sciences was working to create a national weather modification program — a direction in which the military had already embarked in 1958. “Global Warming” initiatives proposed by Wexler:
  • To increase the global temperature of the Earth by 1.7°C, “by injecting a cloud of ice crystals into the polar atmosphere by detonating 10 H-bombs in the Arctic Ocean — the subject of his 1958 article in Science magazine” (Wexler H., 1958, “Modifying Weather on a Large Scale,” Science, n.s. 128 (Oct. 31, 1958): 1059-1063).
  • To diminish the global temperature by 1.2°C could be doable, “by launching a ring of dust particles into equatorial orbit, a modification of an earlier Russian proposal to warm the Arctic”.
  • To destroy the ozone layer and hence increase abruptly the surface temperature of the Earth, by spraying “several hundred thousand tons of chlorine or bromine” with a stratospheric airplane. Fleming, 2007(a), pp. 56-57; Fleming, 2007(b), “note n° viii” p. 9 & p. 5 [SUP]([/SUP][SUP]source[/SUP][SUP])[/SUP]
The decision to reverse direction from warming the arctic to cooling the arctic was announced in 1963 - the year following Wexler’s death when the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Atmospheric Sciences recommended appointment of a Panel on Weather & Climate Modification. [SUP]pg 2[/SUP] Prevailing Circumstances following WWII:
  • Operation Paperclip (Also called Operation Overcast) succeeded in recruiting scientists from Nazi Germany for employment in the US after WW II and led to the formation of NASA and the ICBM program.
  • The National Security Act passed in 1947 made possible the rise of the military industrial complex and creation of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ) to increase opportunities for scientific experiments to be conducted without public knowledge or Congressional oversight.
  • Post-war advances in science and advanced physics opened up opportunities to develop concepts of advanced thinkers like Nikola Tesla that had been waiting on the shelf for over 50 years.
  • In 1958, military application of Tesla’s little known methods of electromagnetic manipulation of earth’s atmosphere was already underway. White House advisor on weather modification to President Eisenhower reported the DoD was studying ways to manipulate electrical charges of the earth and sky in order to manipulate the weather for purposes of national defense.
  • The rise of an informed and educated middle class looked down on proposals that employed nuclear detonations that became regarded as dangerous and arrogant. This is not to say that proposals to mediate the arctic climate were totally abandoned.
__________________________________________________ __ If warming the arctic was regarded as good for commerce for 100 years why would a discovery that found carbon dioxide was already performing the task for free, suddenly be regarded as a catastrophe to prevent?

__________________________________________________ __ The BP disaster in the Gulf of Mexico demonstrates how Big Oil exists in a world of opportunistic pragmatism, no matter the risk to the environment. With an established record of corporate sociopathy, Big Oil would have little interest in what event would cause arctic ice to retreat as long as their long-held dream of new arctic navigation routes and access to previously ice-locked oil and gas reserves was realized. It could make marginal difference if the arctic temperatures rise due to (1) rising CO2 levels or (2) covert arctic climate manipulation. This timeline of determined Geoengineering projects suggests the goal of mediating arctic climate remains a favorite goal of the fossil fuel industry. 1877 Harvard geologist Nathaniel Shaler proposed channeling more of the warm Kuroshio Current through the Bering Strait to raise temperatures in the Polar region by 30 degrees. 1912, New York Engineer and Industrialist, Carroll Livingston Riker proposed building a 200 mile jetty off Newfoundland to increase the Gulf Stream’s flow into to the Arctic Basin with the added benefit that it would “shift” the axis of planet earth. The New York Times characterized the proposal as “amazing”… but not insane. 1929: Hermann Oberth, German-Hungarian physicist and engineer; Proposed building giant mirrors on a space station to focus the Sun’s radiation on Earth’s surface, making the far North habitable and freeing sea lanes to Siberian harbors. 1945; Julian Huxley, biologist and Secretary-General of UNESCO 1946-48; Proposed exploding atomic bombs at an appropriate height above the polar regions to raise the temperature of the Arctic Ocean and warm the entire climate of the northern temperate zone. 1946Village Voice article from 2005 reporting on theMay, 1946 issue of Mechanix Illustrated that featured several arctic-warming geoengineering proposals. One “brave new idea” was proposed by Julian Huxley, then the Secretary-General of UNESCO, and brother of Aldous Huxley, that would detonate atomic bombs to warm the Arctic. 1958; M. Gorodsky, Soviet engineer and mathematician, and Valentin Cherenkov, Soviet meteorologist; Proposed placing a ring of metallic potassium particles into Earth’s polar orbit to diffuse light reaching Earth and increase solar radiation to thaw the permanently frozen soil of Russia, Canada, and Alaska and melt polar ice. 1958; Arkady Markin, Soviet engineer; Proposed that the United States and Soviet Union build a gigantic dam across the Bering Strait and use nuclear power—driven propeller pumps to push the warm Pacific current into the Atlantic by way of the Arctic Sea. Arctic ice would melt, and the Siberian and North American frozen areas would become temperate and productive. 1958 Russian Oil engineer, P.M. Borisov’s proposed melting the Arctic and Greenland icecaps by spreading black coal dust on the ice, creating cloud-cover across the poles to trap heat and to divert warm Atlantic waters into the polar regions. This scheme was taken seriously by Soviet climatologists. Two conferences were held in Leningrad in the early 1960′s following an initial meeting in Moscow by the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1959. 1958 Atlantic Richfield geologist L.M. Natland, proposed exploding up to 100 underground nuclear bombs to mine the Alberta Oil Sands. Heat from the detonations was expected to boil the bitumen deposits, reducing their viscosity to the point that standard drilling operations could be used. The plan was encouraged by US efforts to find “peaceful uses” for atomic energy. The project was approved in 1959 but the Canadian government reversed their decision in 1962 and declared that Canada was opposed to all forms of nuclear testing. In 2012 the Canadian Tar Sands are, again an issue of international concern. 1962 Harry Wexler (March 15, 1911- 1962) was an MIT graduate and PhD in meteorology. Wexler had been researching the link connecting chlorine and bromine compounds to the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layers, but died of a heart attack while on vacation in Woods Hole, Mass. Wexler had already accepted an invitation to deliver a lecture entitled “The Climate of Earth and Its Modifications” at the University of Maryland Space Research and Technology Institute. [SUP](Source)[/SUP] __________________________________________________ __ It remains largely unexplained why decades of optimism for warming the arctic was suddenly replaced with a campaign of fear and doom for the consequences of warming the arctic under the name of “Global Warming”

__________________________________________________ __ In the 1960’s Geoengineering proposals to warm the Arctic took a largely unexplained U-turn when oceanographer, Roger Revelle’s research concluded that carbon dioxide was already warming the climate for free and without the need for expensive and risky geoengineering projects. This U-Turn of direction appeared to be a setback with the exception of those stakeholders in the energy sector who had been invested in arctic warming projects for decades. Did the CO2 story finally promise to give Exxon, BP and Shell what they wanted? If the science of Roger Revelle’s forecast for global warming turned out to be wrong or too slow, the DoD could step in — for reasons of national security — to assist arctic warming as secret component of the military’s classified weather modification and weapons program. The 1996 Air Force document that forecasts “Owning the Weather in 2025” would not rule out using Tesla and plasma technologies to increase arctic temperatures in order to disadvantage a perceived enemy. A decision not to intervene might betray the military’s primary objective of “Full Spectrum Dominance”. After all, access to Oil and Gas has been a national security priority for decades. In 1966, Dr. Gordon J. F. MacDonald was Chairman of the ICAS Select Panel on Weather and Climate Modification and wrote: “Carbon dioxide placed in the atmosphere since the start of the industrial revolution has produced an increase in the average temperature of the lower atmosphere of a few tenths of a degree Fahrenheit.” Gordon MacDonald “Unless Peace Comes: How to Wreck the Environment. [SUP]Source[/SUP] MacDonald was referring to Roger Revelle and Hans Suess paper that reversed the debate from how to warm the arctic to how to avoid warming the arctic. Revelle’s ocean research reported a rise in carbon dioxide in earth’s atmosphere was allegedly a result of industrial age manufacturing and coal-burning.[SUP]Source[/SUP] Revelle had worked with the Navy in the late 1940’s to determine which projects gained funding and successfully promoted the idea that the Navy should invest more in “basic research”. Revelle was deeply involved in the global growth of oceanography. He was also one of the committee chairmen in the influential National Academy of Sciences studies of the “Biological Effects of Atomic Radiation” (BEAR), 1954-1964. Revelle’s world influence was significant as president of the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research, an international group of scientists devoted to advising on international projects. Revelle and other scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography helped the U.S. government to plan nuclear weapons tests so that oceanographers might make use of the data. [SUP]Source[/SUP] The conclusions of the BEAR report were understandably significant for demonstrating the harmful biological and environmental damage of atomic radiation and could easily suffice to thwart geoengineering projects that recommended detonating H-bombs. But the evidence is weak that all intentions to mediate arctic climate was totally abandoned. If the fundamental goal to warm the arctic remains an unspoken priority of national security in the energy sector, the project could be taken out of public view and committee oversight to become a classified operation in the development of the military’s weather warfare program — an initiative that was acknowledged by civilian weather modification programs formalized by the 1966 NASA and ICAS charter. __________________________________________________ __ Since 1958 Congress and the military had already been working on exotic weather warfare systems that involved electromagnetic manipulation of the ionosphere.

__________________________________________________ __ US Congress, Senate, Committee on Inter-State and Foreign Commerce, Weather Modification Research, Hearing, Washington D.C. US Govt. Printing Offlce, March 18-19, 1958; Lowell Ponte quotes Capt. Orville as reporting “that the Dept. of Defense was studying ways to manipulate the charges of earth and sky and so affect the weather by means of an electronic beams to ionize or de-ionize the atmosphere over a given area” …. Capt. Orville also discussed ongoing US Air Force experiments with ‘sodium vapor, ejected from jet planes to intercept solar radiation ‘ over enemy countries and rain their weather. (The Cooling, op. cit. pp. 168-169 Source P. 42 The flip-flop from finding ways to warm the arctic to suddenly finding ways to keep the arctic from warming was announced in 1963 — the year following the sudden death of Meteorologist, Harry Wexler. Having total awareness of the military’s 1958 weather weapons program, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) recommended the appointment of a “Panel on Weather and Climate Modification”. [SUP]source [/SUP] This event could serve to consolidate military and civilian weather modification programs for peaceful purposes or — if necessary — as covert weather modification and even climate warming operations secretly carried out by the military under the catch-all justification of “national security”. FOLLOW THE MONEY: Lobbyists for Big Oil publicly claim Global Warming is a hoax while quietly investing billions in new drilling opportunities due to the reality of receding arctic ice. The energy sector has made huge investments in ice-breakers and drilling equipment to profit from the very global warming they are reluctant to acknowledge. The position of having your cake while eating it is essential. When arctic climate warming is revealed as a military climate modification operation, big oil can fall back on “we told you so”. Since governments may come and go over the next 100 years, they calculate the demand for oil — and the companies who drill for it — will remain intact.
  • “As the polar ice cap retreats, energy companies are looking north for a potentially huge new source of crude” [SUP]Source[/SUP]
  • “Shell is one of six companies planning to extract oil, gas and minerals in the Arctic as global warming melts ice and opens new sea lanes to commerce.” [SUP]Source[/SUP]
  • “Remote and dangerous sources of arctic oil are becoming increasingly attractive as the global need for oil grows and the existing reserves dry up.” [SUP]Source[/SUP]
__________________________________________________ __ Documents from 1966 reveal how the military and federal agencies are modifying the global climate.

__________________________________________________ __ TITLE: “Present and Future Plans of Federal Agencies in Weather-Climate Modification”

This set of documents from 1966 reveals a network of government agencies in perpetual and secret collaboration , working with the military to Geoengineer the climate. Created as an agenda of the elitist National Academy of Sciences — decades of an inter-agency culture of secrecy explains why the issue of covert aerosol Geoengineering is a taboo topic to be degraded to the status of “conspiracy theory” by every government agency in this web of complicit bureaucrats at every opportunity. This is why your local TV “meteorologist” will rarely make a helpful comment about an unusual sky filled with persistent jet trails.
  • 1966, JUN: “Present and Future Plans of Federal Agencies in Weather-Climate Modification”Prepared by the ICAS select Panel on Weather Modification
  • 1966: NOV: A Recommended National Program in Weather Modification — A Report to the Interdepartmental Committee for Atmospheric Sciences (ICAS) by Homer E. Newell — Associate Administrator for Space Science and Applications, NASA, Washington, D.C.
  • 1966: APPENDIX I — Panel on Weather and Climate Modification to Committee on Atmospheric Sciences NAS-NRC — Membership Recommendations
  • 1966: APPENDIX II — Special Commission on Weather Modification — National Science Foundation Membership Recommendations.
  • 1966: APPENDIX III Report prepared by the ICAS Select Panel on Weather Modification; “Present and Future Plans of Federal Agencies in Weather-Climate Modification,” dated June 20, 1966
  • 1966: APPENDIX IV Memorandum for Dr. Homer E. Newel1 from J. Herbert Hollomon, Chairman, ICAS, Subject: National Weather Modification Program, dated June 21, 1966
  • 1966: APPENDIX V NASA Panel to Study Weather Modification Activities; Membership, Chronology of Meetings, and a Compilation of Supporting Material used by the Panel
  • 1966: APPENDIX VI Budget Recommendations and Trends for a National Weather Modification Program
1966 — NASA: A Recommended National Program in Weather Modification — A report to the Independent Committee for Atmospheric Sciences (ICAS) by Homer E. Newell — Associate administrator for Space Science and Applications, NASA, Washington, DC. In 1966, a report from NASA to ICAS (Independent Committee for Atmospheric Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences, NAS) was the first step in establishing a national Weather modification program that would ultimately involve multiple federal agencies. The report focused on four initial agencies: ESSA, NSF, NASA, and the Dept. of Interior’s Bureau of Reclamation. Under Recommended Principals it was noted that (a) each agency would be independently funded while stressing inter-agency cooperation in research. Independent funding of agencies could make the program less conspicuous and more difficult for Congress to defund. Also, new agencies could be brought on board without high profile budget hearings. (b) A designated “central” agency — while having responsibility for focusing the national program — would not have any real authority to implement programs, leaving those decisions to probable unidentified civilian lobbyists and DoD “stakeholders”. Although the theme of the ICAS report is in the context of protecting water, agriculture, forests, lands and natural resources, the knowledge gained from climate manipulation was of more immediate interest to the military and their industrial complex. Thirty years following the creation of the Nation Program in Weather Modification, the US Air Force published a document (Owning The Weather in 2025) establishing that federal agencies involved in the National Weather Modification program are under tacit authority of the Department of Defense. Owning the Weather in 2025 — Opening Statement: Current technologies that will mature over the next 30 years will offer anyone who has the necessary resources the ability to modify weather patterns and their corresponding effects, at least on the local scale. Current demographic, economic, and environmental trends will create global stresses that provide the impetus necessary for many countries or groups to turn this weather-modification ability into a capability. In the United States, weather-modification will likely become a part of national security policy with both domestic and international applications. Our government will pursue such a policy, depending on its interests, at various levels. These levels could include unilateral actions, participation in a security framework such as NATO, membership in an international organization such as the UN, or participation in a coalition. Assuming that in 2025 our national security strategy includes weather-modification, its use in our national military strategy will naturally follow. Besides the significant benefits an operational capability would provide, another motivation to pursue weather-modification is to deter and counter potential adversaries. In this paper we show that appropriate application of weather-modification can provide battlespace dominance to a degree never before imagined. In the future, such operations will enhance air and space superiority and provide new options for battlespace shaping and battlespace awareness.1 “The technology is there, waiting for us to pull it all together;”2 in 2025 we can “Own the Weather __________________________________________________ _____ Case Study 2

A 1986 Critique of the 1966 National Weather Modification Initiative

The Evolution of a Weather Modification R&D program Into a Military Weapons System

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CASE STUDY Document located on the website of the Federation of American Scientists — Click Here

__________________________________________________ _____ This document appears as an anonymous draft intended as a critique of the US Weather Modification Program that the author characterizes as hijacked into a military weapons system. The final draft is not yet located. For over 100 years, experts and authors were advocating geoengineering projects warm the arctic. The public, at large, was entertained by these concepts even when suggestions to detonate hydrogen bombs over the north pole were advocated by a nationally recognized weather expert in 1962. It’s revealing that initial proposals to solve the newly discovered CO2 “warming” problem had less to do with cutting back on carbon emissions and more to do with a rush to release toxic atmospheric aerosols without first, researching the hazards. The specter of polluting the atmosphere, blocking sunlight and causing the release of huge volumes of CO2 from the jet aircraft aerosol sorties is an obvious public health and strategic concern that requires years of research that the government was unwilling to legislate and fund. Therefore, the impatience with which these chemical aerosol schemes were promoted suggests that emergency steps to cool the planet with aerosols was never the primary mission. __________________________________________________ __ In 1962, Geoenginnering efforts to warm the arctic were widely entertained but in 1966 it was top priority to prevent the arctic from warming by even one degree.

__________________________________________________ __ Trojan Horse?: Under the military’s vision to Own the Weather Weather in 2025 atmospheric warming with ionospheric and plasma weapons is an established capability. The numerous agencies inside the National Weather and Climate Modification program are actively guarding the military’s aerosol and energy weapons program with stiff denials to the public and media whenever the issue of “chemtrails” is a story on local radio or TV stations. It’s unacceptable that the UN/IPCC continue to push CO2 as the cause for climate change but refuse to acknowledge the military has been actively engaged in climate modification since the mid 1990′s? An abrupt reversal of policy from promoting arctic climate mediation to preventing Global Warming resulted in ideas that both polluted the atmosphere AND became a source of Global Warming.

Just as the ICAS/NASA National Weather Modification program is being formalized the record shows most ideas to cool the planet suddenly involve bazaar schemes to spray or disburse particles, biology and dust into the atmosphere and oceans. These are the same people who — just a few months earlier, were eagerly lining up to hear Wexler talk about ways to warm the planet with hydrogen bombs, destruction of the OZONE and orbital particles. While most of us realize that many of these proposals from respected experts would be catastrophic to the environment, not all of these draconian ideas have been rejected, even as increasing evidence determines that deploying chemicals into the atmosphere does more harm than good. Deployment of geoengineering aerosols as observed in practice for two decades is now regarded as a source of global warmingnot a fix.: __________________________________________________ __ Geoengineering Aerosols Are Warming the Atmosphere and Are a Source of Global Warming

__________________________________________________ __ In 2007, investigator, Cliff Carnicom calculated the impact of the current unacknowledged aerosol deployment into the atmosphere and concludes: “It can be seen from this model that the results of artificial aerosol introduction into the lower atmosphere can be of a magnitude quite on par with the extraordinary impacts projected by even modest and conservative global warming models upon humans in the near future. As the model presented herein is intended to be reasonably conservative, the impact of the aerosol operations could be much greater than these results show. It is advised that the citizens consider the viability and merit of this model in the examination of the global warming issue, and that they openly take aggressive action to halt the intentional aerosol operations. This paper is late in its offering, as my availability for continued research at this level is limited. I am nevertheless hopeful that the information can be evaluated and assimilated into the many rationales and arguments that have developed over the last decade to cease the intentional alteration of the atmosphere of our planet.” — Cliff Carnicom [SUP]Complete study[/SUP] __________________________________________________ __ Geoengineering Proposals to Warm the Arctic Are Replaced by Fear of Global Warming

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  • 1965; President’s Science Advisory Committee, United States; Proposal: Investigated injecting condensation or freezing nuclei into the atmosphere to counteract the effects of increasing carbon dioxide.
  • 1977; Cesare Marchetti, Italian industrial physicist; Coined the term “geoengineering” and proposed sequestering CO2 in the deep ocean.
  • 1983; Stanford Penner, A. M. Schneider, and E. M. Kennedy, American physicists; Suggested introducing small particles into the atmosphere to reflect more sunlight back into space.
  • 1988; John H. Martin, American oceanographer; Proposed dispersing a relatively small amount of iron into appropriate areas of the ocean to create large algae blooms that could take in enough atmospheric carbon to reverse the greenhouse effect and cool Earth.
  • 1989; James T. Early, American climatologist suggested deflecting sunlight by 2 percent with a $1 trillion to $10 trillion “space shade” placed in Earth orbit.
  • 1990; John Latham, British cloud physicist; Proposed seeding marine stratocumulus clouds with seawater droplets to increase their reflectivity and longevity.
  • 1992; NAS Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy proposed adding more dust to naturally occurring stratospheric dust to increase the net reflection of sunlight.
  • 1998: International Space Station (ISS): The first modular component of the International Space Station (ISS) was launched and is the current (in 2012) habitable artificial satellite in low Earth orbit following the Salyut, Almaz, Skylab and Mir. (1998 ISS mission consistent with same year increase in jet aerosol public observations and complaints) The stated function of the SSI is to provide an international space platform for research and experimentation in the fields of biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology (weather) and other fields.
  • 2010: Geoengineer, David Keith (AAAS Meeting) proposal to use jet aircraft to spray Sulfur dioxide and aluminum nano-particles into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight back into space.
In 1968, Gordon J. F. MacDonald authored a chapter in “Unless Peace Comes“ where he correctly predicted that future means of obtaining national objectives by force hinges on man’s ability to control and manipulate the environment of planet Earth. “When achieved, this power over his environment will provide man with a new force capable of doing great and indiscriminate damage. Our present primitive understanding of deliberate environmental change makes it difficult to imagine a world in which geophysical warfare is practised. Such a world might be one in which nuclear weapons were effectively banned and the weapons of mass destruction were those of environmental catastrophe. As I will argue, these weapons are peculiarly suited for covert or secret wars.” “To consider the consequences of environmental modification in struggles among nations, we need to consider the present state of the subject and how postulated developments in the field could lead, ten to fifty years from now, to weapons systems that would use nature in new and perhaps unexpected ways. “ More Than Owning the Weather in 2025

The confidence and enthusiasm expressed in the USAF 1996 document: Owning the Weather in 2025 was supported by the advent of scalar weapons technologies during the Reagan Star War years. The document promises: “weather-modification can provide battlespace dominance to a degree never before imagined. The “never before imagined” comment speaks directly to the HAARP ionospheric heater facility, the Bernard Eastlund patents and military strategies for global military dominance. This scenario of weather control harkens to the predictive warning from Gordon MacDonald in chapter in the book: Unless Peace Comes: How to Wreck the Environment. [SUP]Source[/SUP] Timeline for Owning the Weather: From 1987-1992 ATPI scientists build on Bernard Eastlund’s patents for development of new weapon capabilities In 1994 ATPI is bought by E-Systems with a contract to build the biggest ionospheric heater in the world (HAARP). – In 1995, Raytheon bought E-Systems and old APTI patents. – In 1996 the Air Force publishes: Owning The Weather in 2025 In his 2011 book, Here on Earth: A Natural History of the Planet, scientist and author, Tim Flannery reminds us that proposals to melt the Icecaps were advanced after World War II by reputable figures including the first director-general of UNESCO (Julian Huxley-1946), by a top official at the U.S. Weather Bureau, and by a Russian oil engineer Petr Mikhailovich Borisov. Scientific conferences debated the merits, while mining and energy corporations contemplated the use of nuclear detonations in the extraction of coal and oil. Reputable figures in the international community saw an opportunity to detonate nuclear weapons as a novel and constructive way to geoengineer the Arctic. The prevailing rationale to justify method included: (1) The arctic is nearly too cold to be habitable by humans (2) The polar ice cap blocks valuable shipping lanes. (3) The expanses of frigid water up North contributes to uncomfortably cold winters in many countries. (4) difficulty of drilling for oil through ice. The idea was publicly floated as a “peaceful use” of atomic weapons. Flannery offers this example as evidence of humanity’s seeming propensity for hastening its own extinction. Here on Earth: A Natural History of the Planet - By Tim Flannery. [SUP]Book Review[/SUP]by Mark Engler Russian Oil engineer, P.M. Borisov’s Proposed Method of Melting the Arctic Icecap Borisov’s idea: If the Arctic ice is once melted much less of the sun’s radiation will be reflected out into space and therefore the arctic ice cap will not re-form. An ice-free Arctic Ocean would be a great boon to oceanic shipping, especially between Europe and East Asia. Much land in northern Canada and Siberia would be freed of permafrost and made suitable for agriculture. Borisov believed that an ice-free Arctic Ocean would lead to increased evaporation of water and hence increased rainfall worldwide, including the region of Sahara Desert leading to grass growing there. Borisov considers all of the impacts of the melting of the Arctic ice cap to be beneficial. He asserts that the melting of the Greenland ice cap would raise sea levels at a rate of only 1.5 to 2 mm per year. This scheme was taken seriously by Soviet climatologists. Two conferences were held in Leningrad in the early 1960′s following an initial meeting in Moscow by the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1959. Borisov’s suggestions to warm the arctic included:
  • Covering great areas of the Arctic with black powders such as coal dust (G. Veksler, 1959) (Carbon Black?)
  • Dispersing the cloud cover over the central Arctic Basin (D. Fletcher, 1958) (Geoengineering Aerosols?)
  • Deepening of the Thomson Sill (V.N. Stepanov, 1963)
  • Covering the water surface with a monomolecular film (M. Budyko, 1962)
  • Installations to direct warmer Atlantic water into the Kara Sea (V.P. P’yankov, 1965)
  • Pumping cold Arctic water into the Pacific to draw warm Atlantic water into the Arctic Basin (P.M. Borisov, c. 1968)
This concept also required construction of a dam across the Bering Strait. Source: P.M. Borisov, “Can we Control the Arctic Climate?”, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March, 1969, pp. 43-48. In a related scheme, a proposal was floated to store nuclear waste in the Antarctic. The plan would allow specially designed canisters of hot radioactive waste to melt down through the ice until it reached the “ice-rock interface” where it would supposedly remain in cold storage for 250,000 years. The following Timeline is from the book, “Angels Don’t Play This HAARP” Advances in Tesla Technology by Jeanne Manning and Dr. Nick Begich and contains disturbing facts about the little known history of our Government’s use of scalar technologies to modify the weather. Additional events and links were inserted in 2012 to update the list. Timeline of public and covert testing and development of energy weapons
  • 1886-8: Nikola Tesla invents system of Alternating Current power source and transmission system. As 60-pulse-per-second (hertz) AC power grids spread over the land, Earth’s resonance frequency will eventually dance to a different beat than her usual 7-8 hertz .
  • 1900: Tesla applies for patent for a device to transmit Electrical Energy “Through the Natural Mediums”. U.S. Patent #787,412 issued in 1905
  • 1924: Confirmation that radio waves bounce off ionosphere (electrically-charged layer starting at altitude of 50 kilometers).
  • 1938: Scientist proposes to light up night sky by electron gyrotron heating from a powerful transmitter.
  • 1940: Tesla announces “death ray” invention.
  • 1945: Atomic bomb tests begin 40,000 electromagnetic pulses to follow.
  • 1952: W.O. Schumann identifies 7.83 hertz resonant frequency of the earth.
  • 1958: Van Allen radiation belts discovered (zones of charged particles trapped in earth’s magnetic field) 2,000+ miles up. VA Belt violently disrupted with nuclear detonations
  • 1958: Project Argus, U.S. Navy explodes 3 nuclear bombs in Van Allen belt.
  • 1958: As far back as 1958, the chief White House adviser on weather modification, Captain Howard T. Orville, said the DoD was studying “ways to manipulate the charges of the Earth and sky and so affect the weather by using an electronic beam to ionise or de-ionise the atmosphere over a given area.
  • 1960: Series of weather disasters begin.
  • 1961 — Project Skywater — Bureau of Reclamation (water) cloud seeding project funded by Congress.
  • 1961: Copper needles dumped into ionosphere as “telecommunications shield”.
  • 1961: Scientists propose artificial ion cloud experiments. In 1960′s the dumping of chemicals (barium powder etc.) from satellites/rockets began.
  • 1961-62: Soviets and USA blast many EMPs in atmosphere, 300 megatons of nuclear devices deplete ozone layer estimated at 4%.
  • 1962: Launch of Canadian satellites and start of stimulating plasma resonances by antennas within the space plasma.
  • 1966, June, Report to ICAS by ICAS Select Panel — Chair, Gordon JF MacDonald. “Future plans of Federal Agencies in Weather and Climate Modification.”
  • 1966, Nov, report from NASA to ICAS (Independent Comm. for Atmospheric Sciences of the Nat. Academy of Sciences, NAS) was first step in establishing a National Weather Modification program
  • 1966: Gordon J. F. MacDonald publishes military ideas on environmental engineering. MacDonald was Chair of the ICAS Select Panel on Weather and Climate Modification.
  • 1960′s: In Wisconsin, US Navy Project Sanguine lays ELF antennae.
  • 1968: Moscow scientists tell the West that Soviets pinpointed which pulsed magnetic field frequencies help mental and physiological functions and which do harm.
  • 1968: Gordon JF MacDonald authors chapter in book: “Unless peace Comes — a scientific forecast of new weapons” MacDonald was Chair of the ICAS Select Panel on Weather and Climate Modification.
  • 1969: Hail Suppression Data from Western North Dakota, 1969—1972 South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City.
  • 1972: First reports on “ionospheric heater” experiments with high frequency radio waves, at Arecibo. 100-megawatt heater in Norway built later in decade; can change conductivity of auroral ionosphere.
  • 1972: Potential Value of Satellite Cloud Pictures in Weather Mod. Projects — Report prepared for NASA by Institute of Atmospheric Sciences South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City.
  • 1973: Documentation that launch of Skylab and associated rocket exhaust gases `’halved the total electron content of the ionosphere for three hours.
  • 1973: Recommendations for study of Project Sanguine’s biological effects denied by Navy.
  • 1974: United Nations General Assembly bans environmental warfare. ENMOD
  • 1974: High-frequency experiments at Plattesville, Colorado; Arecibo, Puerto Rico; and, Armidale, New South Wales heat “bottom side of ionosphere”.
  • 1974: Experiments airglow brightened by hitting oxygen atoms in ionosphere with accelerated electrons.
  • 1975: Evaluation of Monte Carlo Tests of Effectiveness of Cloud Seeding on Growing Season Rainfall in North Dakota.
  • 1975: Stanford professor Robert Helliwell reports that VLF from power lines is altering the ionosphere.
  • 1975: U. S. Senator Gaylord Nelson forces Navy to release research showing that ELF transmissions can alter human blood chemistry.
  • 1975: Pell Senate Subcommittee urges that weather and climate modification work be overseen by civilian agency answerable to U.S. Congress. No action taken.
  • 1975: Soviets begin pulsing “Woodpecker” ELF waves, at key brainwave rhythms. Eugene, Oregon, one of locations where people were particularly affected.
  • 1976: Drs. Susan Bawin and W. Ross Adey show nerve cells affected by ELF fields.
  • 1977: Environmental Impacts of Precipitation Management — Inferences to Project Skywater
  • 1979: Launch of NASA’s third High-Energy Astrophysical Observatory causes large-scale, artificially-induced depletion in the ionosphere. Plasma hole caused by “rapid chemical processes” between rocket exhaust and ozone layer.” …“ionosphere was significantly depleted over a horizontal distance of 300 km for some hours.”
  • 1979: Annotated Bibliography of Predictor Variables for Weather Modification Applications — Funded by NSF Grant ATM 79-05007 pub., Illinois State Water Survey, Urbana.
  • 1985: Bernard J. Eastlund applies for patent “Method and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the Earth’s Atmosphere, ionosphere and/or Magnetosphere,” (First of 3 Eastlund patents assigned to ARCO Power Technologies Inc.)
  • 1986: US Navy Project Henhouse duplicates Delgado (Madrid) experiment – very low-level, very-low-frequency pulsed magnetic fields harm chick embryos. 20
  • 1987: In the later part of the decade the U.S. begins network of Ground Wave Emergency Network (GWEN) towers, each to generate Very Low Frequency (VLF) waves for defense purposes .
  • 1987-92: Other APTI scientists build on Eastlund patents for development of new weapon capabilities.
  • 1994: Military contractor E-Systems buys APTI, holder of Eastlund patents and contract to build biggest ionospheric heater in world (HAARP).
  • 1994: Congress freezes funding on HAARP until planners increase emphasis on earth-penetrating tomography uses, for nuclear counter proliferation efforts. (Oil and gas exploration)
  • 1995-1997: Public complaints accumulate across the US regarding unusual cloud formations and sudden increase in observable persistent jet contrails that appear unnaturally under dry atmospheric conditions. These observations are accompanied by complaints of biological specimens and web formations that appear to fall from the sky. Many instances of qualified lab analysis reveal high concentration of aluminum, barium and other elements that are consistent with DoD electromagnetic experiments
  • 1995: Raytheon buys E-Systems and old APTI patents. The technology is now hidden among thousands of patents within one of the largest defense contractor portfolios.
  • 1995: Congress budgets $10 million for 1996 under “nuclear counterproliferation” efforts for HAARP project.
  • 1995: Test of patent number 5,041,834 to generate an Artificial Ionospheric Mirror (AIM), or a plasma layer in the atmosphere. The AIM is used like the ionosphere to reflect RF energy over great distances.
  • 1994-6: Testing of first-stage HAARP (euphemistically named High frequency Active Auroral Research Program) equipment continues, although funding was frozen.
  • 1996: HAARP scientists test the earth-penetrating tomography applications by modulating the electroject at Extremely Low Frequencies (ELF)
  • 1998: Projected date for fully-operating HAARP system.
  • 2009: Operation HAMP — Department of Homeland Security operation to Modify and Steer Hurricanes with Geoengineering Aerosols
  • 2012: Celebrating 50 years of Success. A Compilation of highlights from the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences at South Dakota School of Mines & Technology Rapid City.
__________________________________________________ __ The World is Waking Up to State Crimes of Climate Warming and Violent Weather by Combinations of Powerful Electromagnetic Energy Weapons and Aerosol Geoengineering

__________________________________________________ __ It was in the mid- 1990′s when the US public a were suddenly confronted with unexplained changes in the sky that included bazaar new cloud formations and new types of jet contrails that persisted in the skies for hours even while the relative humidity was very low at the altitudes where the jets were flying. These observed changes were coincident with events following the 1994 E-Systems purchase of APTI, also holder of plasma physicist, Bernard Eastlund’s patents and contracts to build the world’s largest ionospheric heater (HAARP). The history of the 1966 National weather Modification Program and the coincidence of events around the time of bazaar new cloud formations is sufficient reason to pursue the relationship of persistent jet aerosols to the ionospheric heater experiments at the HAARP facility and Gakona, AK, Aricebo, PR and many more similar facilities brought online in recent years. The ongoing depletion of earth’s protective OZONE layer is a known risk to manipulation of the ionosphere with powerfully heated beams of electromagnetic radiation. Pollution from the Shuttle missions, alone has accounted for rapid ozone depletion according to NASA’s own documents. Further damage results when chemical aerosols deployed over either polar region traps heat in the troposphere resulting in a rise in surface temperatures to endanger normal formation of seasonal ice with an associated plunge in stratospheric temperatures into the range of -109 deg. F. with the formation of chemically contaminated ice crystals that react with sunlight to further deplete the OZONE. From 2009 to 2012 persistent jet chemical aerosols are clearly observed over the North Polar regions on many satellite images and ground-based photographs. It is no surprise that NASA now reports new OZONE depletion in far northern latitudes where none was previously detected. It’s no secret that government agencies, the military and commercial interests of the US and abroad have invested in a radical scalar system of weather modification that is now revealed to have far too many unintended negative consequences to sustain life on earth. Continuation of this vast and terra-deforming aerosol geoengineering operation will only confirm that one agenda is to deplete the arctic ice — a concept that has been embraced by influential men, Oil companies and nations for nearly 100 years. The government, military, IPCC, UN and corporate stakeholders can no longer pretend to be desperately concerned about global warming and climate change while the world is waking up to realize these same entities are participating in the deployment of electromagnetic weapons and aerosols of massive climate destruction as a monstrous and Orwellian hoax on humanity. UPDATES

World Wide Watch Institute, 2014:
In the seas north of Russia and Alaska, expanded oil-and-gas development is already under way. The U.S. Department of Interior last month sold a record-breaking $2.6 billion in development bids throughout the Chukchi Sea, just above the Bering Strait. Additional sales are scheduled for 2010 and 2012. As companies move into the Arctic to search for energy reserves or to create new shipping lanes, the potential environmental impacts could be huge. Balton acknowledged that shifting ice and coastal erosion makes exploration and development risky. “It’s definitely a dangerous area to maneuver. An oil spill would be really hard to clean up,” he said. *** Continue
Related Links:


__________________________________________________ _________ VIDEO TRANSCRIPT:
NikolaTesla, Inventor of the Death Ray, died in Jan, 1943 wherein the FBI took possession of his papers and documents. After WWII, Operation “Overcast” (Later named opertion Paper Clip) was a US program to employ NAZI regime scientists in US laboratories. The National Security Act, passed in 1947 Created the Central Intelligence Agency and made possible the rise of the military industrial complex
to increase opportunities for scientific experiments to be conducted without public knowledge or Congressional oversight. In 1958, the military announced they were experimenting on the ionosphere with electronic beams for the purpose of manipulating the weather. In 1962 Respected Meteolrologist Harry Wexler proposed geoengineering strategies to warm the planet. In 1963 the National Academy of Scientists proposed formation of a panel to create a “National Weather and Climate Modification Program”. In 1966 Plans to warm the arctic were abandoned without comment to be replaced with warnings that CO2 was already causing the atmosphere to get warmer. This video introduces the article. Global Warming Linked to Advanced Climate Change Technology. The title sounds provocative but NASA has concluded that man-made, persistent contrails are exacerbating global warming and could contribute to long-term changes in Earth’s climate. The article explores the forgotten history of America’s National Weather and Climate Modification Program — Still in existance — and how it rapidly evolved into a military/civilian weather warfare program of mass destruction.
The documentation and subsequent critique reveals a program that went into rapid mission creep when the military became involved. The critique was drafted in 1986 by a member of the Union of Atomic Scientists. The record shows that industrialists and their scientists have been looking for ways to warm the arctic for 100 years beginning in 1877 when Harvard geologist Nathaniel Shaler proposed diverting warm Atlantic water into the Arctic Sea. Decades of arctic warming proposals followed until 1962 when respected MIT meteorologist, Harry Wexler proposed 3 schemes to increase the global temperature of the Earth by 1.7°C,: (1) Detonate 10 hydrogen bombs in the arctic ocean to send ice crystals into the polar atmosphere
(2) Destroy the ozone layer by using aircraft to spray chlorine or bromine into the stratosphere .
(3) Launch dust particles into equatorial orbit to diffuse light to heat to warm the polar regions. These ideas sound pretty frightening today, but in 1962 Wexler’s ideas were gaining traction and nobody “important” was calling him a lunatic. But following Wexler’s untimely death that same year the problem of how to warm the planet completely reversed polarity.
Suddenly — and without explanation — it was now imperative to find ways to cool the planet and to keep the atmosphere from warming. The U-turn in national direction came about when a paper was published by oceanographer, Roger Revelle who claimed earth’s atmosphere was warming due to a buidup of carbon dioxide from burning coal back in the industrial age. The new narrtive became “official” for media consumption in 1966 when Gordon MacDonald — Chairman of the new ICAS Select Panel on Weather and Climate Modification stated: “Carbon dioxide placed in the atmosphere since the start of the industrial revolution has produced an increase in the average temperature of the lower atmosphere of a few tenths of a degree Fahrenheit.” Wexler’s proposals to warm the planet were never mentioned again but remained quietly popular with stakeholders in the oil and energy markets who had always seen vast opportunities for new shipping lanes and drilling as soon as the ice melted a bit. In view of NASA’s position that man-made persistent contrails are exacerbating global warming — what are we to think? If these man-made clouds are normal water vapor we have a problem that accelerates global warming. But If the problem can be fixed, and no governrnment authority has yet thought it was important enough to take immediate action we can reasonably assume that warming the climate with persistent contrails is a tolerable or even desired outcome. And if If man-made clouds are revealed to be chemical aerosols deliberately sprayed into the atmosphere we can reasonably assume that heating the atmosphere is a hidden agenda inside a covert aerosol operation that mimmicks the appearance of a geoengineering plan to cool the planet. reality, the chemical aerosol operations provide plausible deniablity to spectators that our benevolent government is secretly spraying the skies to test ways to mitigate global warming for the good of humanity. This plausible deniaility is taught to us through media coverage of geoengineers lake David Keith who presents aerosol “cooling” strategies in frequent public appearances that are — in turn — presented as news in multiple media sources.. So, the agenda to warm the planet is cleverly hidden in plain sight disguised as an undisclosed but benevolent government program to test aerosol spraying to cool the planet if we should ever decide it’s necessary. Meanwhile, arctic ice continues to retreat despite decades of “testing”. Aerosols are not the sole requirement in advanced climate change technology. High energy ionospheric heaters, Tesla Arrays, and exotic electromagnetic devices are required to interact with chemical aerosols in ways that normal water vapor contrails never could.

[video=youtube;bhRk2Wp92TY]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhRk2Wp92TY[/video]
 
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IPCC Secretariat c/o WMO
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email IPCC-Sec@wmo.int ·www.ipcc.ch2014/11/PRIPCC PRESS RELEASE31 March 2014IPCC Report: A changing climatecreates pervasive risks butopportunitiesexist for effective responses
Responses will face challenges with high warming of the climateYOKOHAMA,Japan,31 March

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued a report today that says the effects of climate change arealready occurringon all continents and across the oceans.The world, in many cases, is ill-prepared for risks from a changing climate. The report also concludes that there are opportunities to respond to such risks, though the risks will be difficult to manage with high levels of warming.The report, titled
Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability,from Working Group II of the IPCC, details the impacts of climate change to date, the future risks from a changing climate, and the opportunities for effective action to reduce risks. A total of 309 coordinating lead authors, lead authors, and review editors, drawn from 70 countries, were selected to produce the report. They enlisted the help of 436 contributing authors, and a total of 1,729 expert s increasingly clear, thoughclimate change will also continue to produce surprises. The report identifies vulnerable people, industries, and ecosystems around the world. It finds that risk from a changing climate comes from
vulnerability (lack of preparedness) and exposure (people or assets in harm’s way) overlapping with hazards (triggering climate events or trends). Each of these three components can be a target for smart actions to decrease risk. “Welive in an era of man-made climate change,” saidVicente Barros, Co-Chair of Working Group II. “In many cases, we are not prepared for the climate-related risks that we already face.Investments in better preparation can pay dividends both for the present and for the future.”Adaptation to reduce the risks from a changing climate is now starting to occur, but with a stronger focus on reacting to past events than on preparing for a changing future,according to Chris Field, Co-Chair of Working Group II.“Climate-change adaptation is not an exotic agenda that has never been tried. Governments, firms, and communities around the world are building experience with adaptation,” Fieldsaid.
This experience forms a starting point for bolder, more ambitious adaptations that will be important as climate and society continue to change.”

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Future risks from a changing climate depend strongly on the amount of future climate change.
Increasing magnitudes of warming increase the likelihood of severe and pervasive impacts that may be surprising or irreversible. “With highlevels ofwarmingthat result from continued growth in greenhouse gas emissions, risks
will be challenging to manage, and even serious, sustained investments in adaptation will face limits,” said Field.Observed impacts of climate change have already affected agriculture, human health, ecosystems on land and in the oceans, water supplies, and some people’s livelihoods. The striking feature of observed impacts is that they are occurring from the tropics to the poles, from small islands to large continents, and from the wealthiest countries to the poorest. “The report concludes that people, societies, and ecosystems are vulnerable around the world, but with different vulnerability in different places. Climate change often interactswith other stresses to increase risk,
Field said. Adaptation can play a key role in decreasing these risks, Barros noted. “Part of the reason adaptation is so importantis that the world faces a host of risks from climate change already baked into the climate system, due to past emissions and existing infrastructure,said Barros. Field added: “Understanding that climate change is a challenge in managing risk opens a wide range of opportunities for integrating adaptation with economic and social development and with initiatives to limit future warming.We definitely face challenges, but understanding those challenges and tackling them creatively can make climate-change adaptation an important way tohelpbuild a more vibrant world in the near-term and beyond.”Rajendra Pachauri, Chair of the IPCC, said: “The Working Group II report is another important step forward in our understanding of how to reduce anmanage the risks of climate change. Along with the reports from Working Group I and Working Group III, it provides a conceptual map of not only the essential features of the climate challenge but the options for solutions.”The Working Group I report was released in September 2013, and the Working Group III report will be released in April 2014. The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report cycle concludes with the publication of its Synthesis Report in October 2014.
“None of this would be possible without the dedication of the Co-Chairs of Working Group II and the hundreds of scientists and experts who volunteered their time to produce this report, as well as the more than 1,700 expert reviewers worldwide who contributed their invaluable oversight,” Pachauri said. “The IPCC’s reports are someof the most ambitious scientific undertakings in human history, and I am humbled by and grateful for the contributions of everyone who make them possible."The Working Group II contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (WGII AR5) is available at www.ipcc
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wg2.gov/AR5
and www.ipcc.ch
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Notes for editors
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is the international body for assessing the science
related to climate change. It was set up in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and the
United Nations Environ
ment Programme to provide policymakers with regular assessments of the
scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and
mitigation.
Working Group II, which assesses impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, isco-chaired by Vicente Barros of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Chris Field of the Carnegie Institution for Science, USA. The Technical Support Unit of Working Group II is hosted by the Carnegie Institution for Science and funded by the government of the United States of America.At the 28th Session of the IPCC held in April 2008, the members of the IPCC decided to prepare a Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). A Scoping Meeting was convened in July 2009 to develop the scope and outline of the AR5. The resulting outlines for the three Working Group contributions to
the AR5 were approved at the 31st Session of the IPCC in October 2009.A total of 309 coordinating lead authors, lead authors, and review editors, representing 70 countries, were selected to produce the Working Group II report. They enlisted the help of 436 contributing authors, and a total of 1729 expert and government reviewers provided comments on drafts of the report. For the Fifth Assessment Report as a whole, a total of 837
coordinating lead authors, lead authors, and review editors participated. The Working Group II report consists of two volumes. The first contains a Summary for Policymakers, Technical Summary, and 20 chapters assessing risks bysector and opportunities for response. The sectors include freshwater resources, terrestrial and ocean ecosystems, coasts, food,
urban and rural areas, energy and industry, human health and security, and livelihoods and poverty.
A second volume of 10 chapters assesses risks and opportuni
ties for response by region. These
regions include Africa, Europe, Asia, Australasia, North America, Central and South America, Polar
Regions, Small Islands, and the Ocean
http://ipcc.ch/pdf/ar5/pr_wg2/140330_pr_wgII_spm_en.pdf
 
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[video=youtube;TzEEgtOFFlM]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzEEgtOFFlM[/video]
 
Democrats have twice pushed serious bills to force greenhouse gas polluters like coal-fired power plants and oil refiners to pay to pollute. Both of those bills — one by President Bill Clinton in 1993 and one by President Obama in 2010 — ultimately failed, contributing to heavy Democratic losses in midterm elections.
Lawmakers who back such efforts, which represent a threat to the bottom lines of the fossil fuel industry, particularly coal, the nation’s top source of carbon pollution, have been criticized by campaigns from Republicans, Tea Party-affiliated “super PACs” like Americans for Prosperity, and the coal and oil industries.
Many members of the Republican Party question the established science that carbon pollution contributes to climate change — and hundreds have also signed on to a pledge promising never to raise taxes.
But there has not been a huge public outcry to endorse new climate change policy. Polls consistently show that while a majority of Americans accept that climate change is real, addressing it ranks at the bottom of voters’ priorities.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/15/u...s-effort-on-climate-laws.html?ref=todayspaper

It is very clear that the energy conglomerates are manipulating the political situation. Tea Party morons who are convinced that global warming is a front for the establishment of a world wide tyranny are successfully keeping the US from enacting real curbs on CO2 emmissions

just look at the crap mr muir continues to post as an example.

we are Nero.
 
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My views are that man IS creating changes on our planet but perhaps not in the way we are being told

I think there is a MASSIVE geoengineering effort going on covertly across many countries and i'm amazed that everyone doesn't know about it

In political terms there most definately is an agenda to centralise power under a world government which will come at the cost of democracy and man made climate change is being used as the excuse to create the global orwellian state

I haven't voted in the poll
 
Second Try Puts Carbon Observatory Into Orbit

The observatory carries a single instrument, which will measure carbon dioxide levels by looking at the intensity of colors of sunlight bouncing off the earth (carbon dioxide absorbs certain colors, but not others).
The burning of fossil fuels and other human activities releases on average 100 million tons of carbon dioxide a day in the air, and the pace of emissions continues to speed up. The atmosphere’s levels of carbon dioxide, which traps heat and contributes to warming temperatures, recently reached 400 parts per million, up 40 percent since the start of the Industrial Revolution.
The observatory will make a million measurements a day, although interference by clouds means that perhaps only 10 percent will turn out to be useful. That will still provide a bounty of data for scientists looking to gain a clearer picture of what happens to the carbon dioxide, only half of which stays up in the air. A quarter of the emissions is absorbed by the oceans; another quarter is believed to be taken up by plants growing on land, but scientists do not have detailed data to see exactly where. The patterns also change with the seasons and can be affected by floods and droughts.
“There’s something really neat going on,” said David Crisp, the head of the mission’s science team. “We just need to find it.”
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/03/s...rtner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimesscience&_r=0

According to the NPR article I listened to about this, the satellite will help pinpoint CO2 as they arise.

The NPR reporter stated that man made carbon dioxide is causing global warming. (shockingly)
 
What's wrong with global warming? Is it something undesirable? Why?


While the report provides a grim view of the impact on climate change through the year 2100, it also stresses that the damage will be felt near-term. Within the next five to 25 years, the annual average cost of coastal storms and hurricanes could rise to as much as $35 billion per year. Agricultural yields in some Midwestern and Southern counties could slip more than 10 percent within that time frame, while rising temperatures will cause demand for energy to surge, costing residential and commercial ratepayers as much as $12 billion each year.
http://www.cbsnews.com/news/business-leaders-say-climate-change-threatens-economy/
 
Large-scale losses of coastal property and infrastructure

  • If we continue on our current path, by 2050 between $66 billion and $106 billion worth of existing coastal property will likely be below sea level nationwide, with $238 billion to $507 billion worth of property below sea level by 2100.
  • There is a 1-in-20 chance—about the same chance as an American developing colon cancer; twice as likely as an American developing melanoma[SUP]2[/SUP]—that by the end of this century, more than $701 billion worth of existing coastal property will be below mean sea levels, with more than $730 billion of additional property at risk during high tide. By the same measure of probability, average annual losses from hurricanes and other coastal storms along the Eastern Seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico will grow by more than $42 billion due to sea level rise alone. Potential changes in hurricane activity could raise this figure to $108 billion.
  • Property losses from sea level rise are concentrated in specific regions of the U.S., especially on the Southeast and Atlantic coasts, where the rise is higher and the losses far greater than the national average.

.....

Shifting agricultural patterns and crop yields, with likely gains for Northern farmers offset by losses in the Midwest and South

  • As extreme heat spreads across the middle of the country by the end of the century, some states in the Southeast, lower Great Plains, and Midwest risk up to a 50% to 70% loss in average annual crop yields (corn, soy, cotton, and wheat), absent agricultural adaptation.
  • At the same time, warmer temperatures and carbon fertilization may improve agricultural productivity and crop yields in the upper Great Plains and other northern states.
  • Food systems are resilient at a national and global level, and agricultural producers have proven themselves extremely able to adapt to changing climate conditions. These shifts, however, still carry risks for the individual farming communities most vulnerable to projected climatic changes.
http://www.cbsnews.com/news/business-leaders-say-climate-change-threatens-economy/
 
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Coastal properties underwater. Crop areas shifting away from the equator. Increased economic impact of severe weather.

The U.S. economy will just get worse than it is now - in terms of debt. *yawn*


Perhaps now is the time to buy property on the estimated new coastlines, so that you can sell it off in a few decades.


Anyhow, I am not going to lose any sleep over farmers changing the types of crops they will have to plant, nor about holiday homes ending up in the surf, nor about insurance premiums going up in the tropics - especially as it will take at least a lifetime for populations to adapt.


I just cannot see global warming as anything other than a change which should be easy to anticipate and adapt to. What's the big deal?
 
Coastal properties underwater. Crop areas shifting away from the equator. Increased economic impact of severe weather.

The U.S. economy will just get worse than it is now - in terms of debt. *yawn*


Perhaps now is the time to buy property on the estimated new coastlines, so that you can sell it off in a few decades.


Anyhow, I am not going to lose any sleep over farmers changing the types of crops they will have to plant, nor about holiday homes ending up in the surf, nor about insurance premiums going up in the tropics - especially as it will take at least a lifetime for populations to adapt.


I just cannot see global warming as anything other than a change which should be easy to anticipate and adapt to. What's the big deal?
We aren’t just taking about changing to new types of crops….we are talking about worldwide drought, even more violent weather, severe heat waves, worldwide species extinction, melting of the polar ice caps, gigantic wildfires (such as we saw in Russia a couple of years ago), increased air pollution, destruction of our coral reefs, abrupt climate change, other areas will see severe flooding, spread of disease such as malaria, ocean acidification, sea level rise as well as ocean temp rise.
All of these have other issues that they effect or destroy…sorry, but I want my Son and his future children to have a clean planet to enjoy.
 
Coastal properties underwater. Crop areas shifting away from the equator. Increased economic impact of severe weather.

The U.S. economy will just get worse than it is now - in terms of debt. *yawn*



I just cannot see global warming as anything other than a change which should be easy to anticipate and adapt to. What's the big deal?

In 2014, the Bureau of Meteorology released a report on the state of Australia's climate, which highlighted several key points, including the dramatic increase in Australia's temperatures and the increasing frequency of bush fires, droughts and floods which have all been linked to climate change.[SUP][20]
450px-Australia-temp-anomaly-1910-2009.svg.png

Australian annual average temperature anomaly from 1910 to 2009 with five-year locally weighted ('Lowess') trend line. Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology.

[/SUP]According to the climate commission report in 2013 the extreme heatwaves, flooding and bush fires striking Australia have been intensified by climate change and will get worse in future in terms of their impacts on people, property, communities and the environment. The summer of 2012/2013 included the hottest summer, hottest month and hottest day on record. The cost of the 2009 bushfires in Victoria was estimated at A$4.4bn (£3bn) and the Queensland floods of 2010/2011 cost over A$5bn.[SUP][44][/SUP][SUP][45][/SUP] [SUP][46][/SUP]
[h=3]Sea level rise[/h] The Australian Government released a detailed report on the impacts of climate change on coastal areas of Australia, finding that up to 247,600 houses are at risk from flooding from a sea-level rise of 1.1 metres. There were 39,000 buildings located within 110 metres of 'soft' erodible shorelines, at risk from accelerated erosion due to sea -level rise.[SUP][47][/SUP]
[h=3]Economy[/h]
This section requires expansion. (October 2008)
In 2008 the Treasurer and the Minister for Climate Change and Water released a report that concluded the economy will grow with an emissions trading scheme in place.[SUP][48][/SUP]
A report released in October 2009 by the Standing Committee on Climate Change, Water, Environment and the Arts, studying the effects of a 1m sea level rise, quite possible within the next 30–60 years, concluded that around 700,000 properties around Australia, including 80,000 buildings, would be inundated, the collective value of these properties is estimated at $150billion.[SUP][49][/SUP]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_Australia
 
We aren’t just taking about changing to new types of crops….we are talking about worldwide drought, even more violent weather, severe heat waves, worldwide species extinction, melting of the polar ice caps, gigantic wildfires (such as we saw in Russia a couple of years ago), increased air pollution, destruction of our coral reefs, abrupt climate change, other areas will see severe flooding, spread of disease such as malaria, ocean acidification, sea level rise as well as ocean temp rise.
All of these have other issues that they effect or destroy…sorry, but I want my Son and his future children to have a clean planet to enjoy.

The Earth will be different. Much like it was when the dinosaurs were around, except without the dinosaurs.

As for species extinctions, that is the entire history of life on this planet. To try to prevent it is akin to trying to prevent evolution. Nevertheless, It would be nice if we would start planting non-commercial forests, instead of stripping the natural ones we have.

@Stu Australia will have to adapt, or go down. As for lost coastal property, or property in fire zones, I won't be buying any of that - and owners ought to start moving their capital to more secure areas now - and leave risky property to bargain hunters.
 
I wonder what they were thinking when they chopped down the last tree on Easter Island?
 
if you think about the hundreds if not thousands of covert chemtrail flights that are made every day around the world and how much aviation fuel that must burn and how much C02 that must generate this argument that C02 is the problem seems a bit strange

various governments are telling us that C02 is the problem whislt they are belching out C02 in the weather modification programme

no...that's madness

And this idea that they should spray more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere to counter the effects of global warming is madness too. thats like telling a smoker with lung cancer that the cure is to smoke more cigarettes

If people want to know why the climate is going haywire then they should look to covert weather modification programmes. The following video is very informative but also a little bleak....the guy presenting is very passionate about this issue and you can really sense the urgency behind his message:

[video=youtube;NZ-tph5s_GM]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-tph5s_GM[/video]
 
I wonder what they were thinking when they chopped down the last tree on Easter Island?

Probably what a nice club it would make
 
The Earth will be different. Much like it was when the dinosaurs were around, except without the dinosaurs.

As for species extinctions, that is the entire history of life on this planet. To try to prevent it is akin to trying to prevent evolution. Nevertheless, It would be nice if we would start planting non-commercial forests, instead of stripping the natural ones we have.

@Stu Australia will have to adapt, or go down. As for lost coastal property, or property in fire zones, I won't be buying any of that - and owners ought to start moving their capital to more secure areas now - and leave risky property to bargain hunters.

This isn’t the same as the normal cycles of the earth…we are destroying it…we are destroying the habitats for these animals…and once there are no more animals, and the seas cannot sustain life, and the air cannot be breathed, the human race will die off too. We have no right to destroy it all, that is what I am getting at…we are ruining it for ourselves and our kin by being short-sighted and greedy….it doesn’t have to be this way.
 
This isn’t the same as the normal cycles of the earth…we are destroying it…we are destroying the habitats for these animals…and once there are no more animals, and the seas cannot sustain life, and the air cannot be breathed, the human race will die off too. We have no right to destroy it all, that is what I am getting at…we are ruining it for ourselves and our kin by being short-sighted and greedy….it doesn’t have to be this way.
I would question if we even could destroy all life on Earth. Life is to adaptive for anything we have, even nuclear winter. We may not survive, but this planet will continue.

I think Global Warming is a cycle, and this is part of it, but I also believe we are accelerating it. If CO2 is a greenhouse gas (of which is proven) then adding large amounts of CO2 will increase the surface temperature. And we are adding large amounts of CO2. It seems apparent to me that we are having an impact on the environment in this way. To what extent is it our interference and what is a natural result of this cyclical pattern, I don't know. All things considered, I agree with you.
 
I would question if we even could destroy all life on Earth. Life is to adaptive for anything we have, even nuclear winter. We may not survive, but this planet will continue.

I think Global Warming is a cycle, and this is part of it, but I also believe we are accelerating it. If CO2 is a greenhouse gas (of which is proven) then adding large amounts of CO2 will increase the surface temperature. And we are adding large amounts of CO2. It seems apparent to me that we are having an impact on the environment in this way. To what extent is it our interference and what is a natural result of this cyclical pattern, I don't know. All things considered, I agree with you.

All of the CO2 we are releasing into the atmosphere was originally taken from the atmosphere by plants and bacteria. We are simply reversing many thousands of years of CO2 fixation by earlier lifeforms.

Except for the little amount of matter we send into orbit, or beyond, we do not add, or take away from what was already here. As for altering the climate, or the ecosystem, every living thing on Earth has an impact on these things. We are no different, except for the manner in which we impact it. Presumably, for many of the planets with life throughout the galaxy - and the other galaxies - intelligent life is a feature of the ecosystem.

Hopefully we don't end up like the fictional Star Wars planet, where the entire planet is one big city, but if we do end up that way, I think it would be fair to say that such a stage of development would be part of the natural development of life on a planet.